Pope Gabriel IV of Alexandria

Pope Gabriel IV of Alexandria
Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark
Papacy began	6 January 1370
Papacy ended	28 April 1378
Predecessor	John X
Successor	Matthew
Personal details
Born	Egypt
Died	28 April 1378 Egypt
Buried	Church of the Holy Virgin (Babylon El-Darag)
Nationality	Egyptian
Denomination	Coptic Orthodox Christian
Residence	Saint Mercurius Church in Coptic Cairo

Gabriel IV (died 1378) was the 86th Coptic Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria from 1370 until his death.

Gabriel had a brother, Claudius (Iqludah), who was a priest and monk of the monastery of al-Muharraq, of which Gabriel was the abbot. He also had a married sister and a nephew, Rizqallah, who was a deacon. Gabriel was known as a great scholar and righteous ascetic. Claudius was also known for his learning; in 1388 he ordered a copy of the Philokalia.^[1]

He was consecrated on Epiphany Sunday, 11 Tuba 1086 AM (corresponding to 6 January 1370) in the church of Saints Sergius and Bacchus in Alexandria. His consecration at Alexanria rather than Cairo was unusual for the time.^[1]

Although next to nothing is known of Gabriel's pastoral duties, he does not seem to have been unduly encumbered by the authorities. As patriarch, he visited the monasteries of the Wadi al-Natrun. He imported olive oil from Syria and spiny broom from Beirut. He sent the priest Ibn al-Qudsi to Damascus to obtain a copper vessel. In 1371, Gabriel consecrated Timothy as bishop of Qasr Ibrim in Nobadia.^[1]

In 1374, Gabriel was staying at the monastery of Saint Macarius the Great during a famine. In order to prolong his stay without harming the monks, he supplied his and his bishops' own provisions. That same year he took part in the consecration of the holy chrism (myron) and had Athanasius of Qus compose an account of the rite. With the new myron, Gabriel reconsecrated six portable altars that had been profaned, although we are not told how. He went on a circuit of several monasteries, distributing the myron: the monastery of John the Little, inhabited by Ethiopians and Armenians; the Monastery of Saint Pishoy, inhabited by Syrians, Ethiopians and Armenians; the monastery of Old Baramus; the monastery of Our Lady Baramus; and the monastery of John Kama. Afterwards he returned to Saint Macarius.^[1]

Gabriel IV was contemporary of Al-Ashraf Nasir-ad-Din Shaban II and Al-Mansur Alah-ad-Din Ali, the Bahri sultans. He reigned for 8 years, 3 months and 22 days. He died on 3 Pashons 1094 AM (28 April 1378), and was buried next to Simon the Tanner.

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Youhanna Nessim Youssef (2010), "Athanasius of Qus and His Time", in Gawdat Gabra; Hany N. Takla (eds.), Christianity and Monasticism in Upper Egypt, vol. 2, The American University in Cairo Press, pp. 171–180, at 174–75.

Preceded by John X	Coptic Pope 1370–1378	Succeeded by Matthew I

v t e Patriarchs of Alexandria
Patriarchs prior to the Chalcedonian schism (43–451)	Mark I the Evangelist (founder) Anianus Avilius Kedronos Primus Justus Eumenius Markianos* Celadion Agrippinus Julian Demetrius I Heraclas Dionysius Maximus Theonas Peter I Achillas Alexander I Athanasius I Peter II Timothy I Theophilus I Cyril I Dioscorus I
Coptic Orthodox Popes and Patriarchs (451–present)	Timothy II Peter III Athanasius II John I John II Dioscorus II Timothy III Theodosius I Peter IV Damian Anastasius Andronicus Benjamin I Agathon John III Isaac Simeon I Alexander II Cosmas I Theodore I Michael I Mina I John IV Mark II James Simeon II Joseph I Michael II Cosmas II Shenouda I Michael III Gabriel I Cosmas III Macarius I Theophilus II Mina II Abraham Philotheos Zacharias Shenouda II Christodoulos Cyril II Michael IV Macarius II Gabriel II Michael V John V Mark III John VI Cyril III Athanasius III John VII Gabriel III John VII Theodosius III John VIII John IX Benjamin II Peter V Mark IV John X Gabriel IV Matthew I Gabriel V John XI Matthew II Gabriel VI Michael VI John XII John XIII Gabriel VII John XIV Gabriel VIII Mark V John XV Matthew III Mark VI Matthew IV John XVI Peter VI John XVII Mark VII John XVIII Mark VIII Peter VII Cyril IV Demetrius II Cyril V John XIX Macarius III Joseph II Cyril VI Shenouda III Tawadros II (current)
Greek Orthodox Popes and Patriarchs (451–present)	Proterius Timothy II Timothy III John I Peter III Athanasius II John II John III Dioscorus II Timothy IV Theodosius I Gaianus Paul Zoilus Apollinarius John IV Eulogius Theodore I John V George I Cyrus Peter IV Peter V Peter VI Cosmas I Politianus Eustatius Christopher I Sophronius I Michael I Michael II Christodoulos Eutychius Sophronius II Isaac Job Elias I Arsenius Theophilus II George II Leontius Alexander II John VI Cyril II Sabbas Sophronius III Elias II Eleutherius Mark III* Nicholas I Gregory I Nicholas II Athanasius III Gregory II Gregory III Niphon Mark IV Nicholas III Gregory IV Nicholas IV Athanasius IV Mark V Philotheus Mark VI Gregory V Joachim I Silvester Meletius I Pegas Cyril III Gerasimus I Metrophanes Nicephorus Joannicius Paisius Parthenius I Gerasimus II Samuel Cosmas II Cosmas III Matthew Cyprian Gerasimus III Parthenius II Theophilus III Hierotheus I Artemius Hierotheus II Callinicus Jacob Nicanor Nilus Sophronius IV Photius Meletius II Nicholas V Christopher II Nicholas VI Parthenius III Peter VII Theodore II (current)
Latin Catholic (1276–1954)	Atanasio (Athanasius) Egidio da Ferrara (Giles) ?Humbert II, Dauphin of Vienne Juan (John) Guillaume de Chanac Arnaud Bernard du Pouget (Arnaldo Bernardi) uncanonical Jean de Cardaillac Pietro Amely di Brunac ? Johannes Walteri von Sinten uncanonical Simon of Cramaud Pietro Amely di Brunac Leonardo Dolfin Ugo Roberti Pietro Amaury di Lordat Lancelotus de Navarra Giovanni Contarini Pietro Vitalis di Mauléon Giovanni Vitelleschi Marco Condulmer Jean d'Harcourt Arnaldo Rogerii de Palas Pedro de Urrea Pedro González de Mendoza Diego Hurtado de Mendoza Alonso de Fonseca y Acevedo Bernardino Carafa Cesare Riario Guido Ascanio Sforza di Santa Fiora Ottaviano Maria Sforza Julius Gonzaga Cristoforo Guidalotti Ciocchi del Monte Jacques Cortès Tommaso Alessandro Riario Enrico Caetani Giovanni Battista Albani Camillo Caetani Séraphin Olivier-Razali Alessandro di Sangro Honoratus Caetani Federico Borromeo Allesandro Crescenzi Aloysius Bevilacqua Petrus Draghi Bartoli Gregorio Giuseppe Gaetani de Aragonia Carlo Ambrosio Mezzabarba Filippo Carlo Spada Girolamo Crispi Giuseppe Antonio Davanzati Lodovico Agnello Anastasi Francisco Mattei Augustus Foscolo Paolo Angelo Ballerini Domenico Marinangeli Paolo de Huyn Luca Ermenegildo Pasetto
Melkite Catholic (1724–present)	Cyril VI Tanas Athanasius IV Jawhar Maximos II Hakim Theodosius V Dahan Athanasius IV Jawhar Cyril VII Siaj Agapius II Matar Ignatius IV Sarrouf Athanasius V Matar Macarius IV Tawil Ignatius V Qattan Maximos III Mazloum Clement Bahouth Gregory II Youssef-Sayur Peter IV Geraigiry Cyril VIII Geha Demetrius I Qadi Cyril IX Moghabghab Maximos IV Sayegh Maximos V Hakim Gregory III Laham Youssef I Absi
Coptic Catholic (1824–present)	Maximos Jouwed Kyrillos Makarios Stéphanos I Sidarouss Stéphanos II Ghattas Antonios I Naguib Ibrahim Isaac Sidrak
*Markianos is considered Mark II on the Greek side of the subsequent schism, hence this numbering of Mark III. Category Commons

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