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In sports and particularly exercise testing, the '''Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Scale''' measures perceived exertion. In medicine this is used to document the patient's [[exertion]] during a test, and sports coaches use the scale to assess the intensity of training and competition. The original scale introduced by Gunnar Borg rated exertion on a scale of 6-20. Borg then constructed a category (C) ratio (R) scale, the Borg CR10 Scale. This is especially used in clinical diagnosis of breathlessness and dyspnea, chest pain, angina and musculo-skeletal pain. The CR-10 scale is best suited when there is an overriding sensation arising either from a specific area of the body, for example, muscle pain, ache or fatigue in the quadriceps or from pulmonary responses.
In sports and particularly exercise testing, the '''rating of perceived exertion''' (RPE), as measured by the ''Borg rating of perceived exertion scale'' (RPE scale),<ref name="Borg's rating of perceived exertion scale">{{cite journal | vauthors = Borg GA | title = Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion | journal = Med Sci Sports Exerc | volume = 14 | issue = 5 | pages = 377–81 | year = 1982 | pmid = 7154893 | doi = | url = }}</ref><ref name="pmid5523831">{{cite journal | vauthors = Borg G | title = Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress | journal = Scand J Rehabil Med | volume = 2 | issue = 2 | pages = 92–8 | year = 1970 | pmid = 5523831 | doi = | url = }}</ref><ref name="pmid15895336">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dawes HN, Barker KL, Cockburn J, Roach N, Scott O, Wade D | title = Borg's rating of perceived exertion scales: do the verbal anchors mean the same for different clinical groups? | journal = Arch Phys Med Rehabil | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 912–6 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15895336 | doi = 10.1016/j.apmr.2004.10.043 | url = }}</ref> is a frequently used quantitative measure of perceived exertion during physical activity.<ref name="pmid15895336" /><ref name="Roelands_2013">{{cite journal | author = Roelands B, de Koning J, Foster C, Hettinga F, Meeusen R | title = Neurophysiological determinants of theoretical concepts and mechanisms involved in pacing | journal = Sports Med. | volume = 43 | issue = 5 | pages = 301–311 |date=May 2013 | pmid = 23456493 | doi = 10.1007/s40279-013-0030-4 | quote = A component that appears to integrate many variables during whole-body exercise is the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) [15].&nbsp;...<br />15. Borg GA. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(5):377–81.}}</ref><ref name="Central mechanisms affecting exertion">{{cite journal | vauthors = Rattray B, Argus C, Martin K, Northey J, Driller M | title = Is it time to turn our attention toward central mechanisms for post-exertional recovery strategies and performance? | journal = Front. Physiol. | volume = 6 | issue = | pages = 79 | date = March 2015 | pmid = 25852568 | pmc = 4362407 | doi = 10.3389/fphys.2015.00079 | quote = Aside from accounting for the reduced performance of mentally fatigued participants, this model rationalizes the reduced RPE and hence improved cycling time trial performance of athletes using a glucose mouthwash (Chambers et al., 2009) and the greater power output during a RPE matched cycling time trial following amphetamine ingestion}}</ref> In medicine this is used to document the patient's [[exertion]] during a test, and sports coaches use the scale to assess the intensity of training and competition. The original scale introduced by Gunnar Borg rated exertion on a scale of 6-20. Borg then constructed a category (C) ratio (R) scale, the Borg CR10 Scale. This is especially used in clinical diagnosis of breathlessness and dyspnea, chest pain, angina and musculo-skeletal pain. The CR-10 scale is best suited when there is an overriding sensation arising either from a specific area of the body, for example, muscle pain, ache or fatigue in the quadriceps or from pulmonary responses.


The Borg scale can be compared to other linear scales such as the [[Likert scale]] or a [[visual analogue scale]]. The sensitivity and reproducibility of the results are broadly very similar, although the Borg may outperform the Likert scale in some cases.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Grant | first1 = S. | last2 = Aitchison | first2 = T. | last3 = Henderson | first3 = E. | last4 = Christie | first4 = J. | last5 = Zare | first5 = S. | last6 = McMurray | first6 = J. | last7 = Dargie | first7 = H. | title = A Comparison of the Reproducibility and the Sensitivity to Change of Visual Analogue Scales, Borg Scales, and Likert Scales in Normal Subjects During Submaximal Exercise | doi = 10.1378/chest.116.5.1208 | journal = Chest | volume = 116 | issue = 5 | pages = 1208–1217 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10559077| pmc = }}</ref>
The Borg scale can be compared to other linear scales such as the [[Likert scale]] or a [[visual analogue scale]]. The sensitivity and reproducibility of the results are broadly very similar, although the Borg may outperform the Likert scale in some cases.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Grant | first1 = S. | last2 = Aitchison | first2 = T. | last3 = Henderson | first3 = E. | last4 = Christie | first4 = J. | last5 = Zare | first5 = S. | last6 = McMurray | first6 = J. | last7 = Dargie | first7 = H. | title = A Comparison of the Reproducibility and the Sensitivity to Change of Visual Analogue Scales, Borg Scales, and Likert Scales in Normal Subjects During Submaximal Exercise | doi = 10.1378/chest.116.5.1208 | journal = Chest | volume = 116 | issue = 5 | pages = 1208–1217 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10559077| pmc = }}</ref>
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The seemingly odd range of 6-20 is to follow the general heart rate of a healthy young adult by multiplying by 10. For instance, a perceived exertion of 12 would be expected to coincide with a heart rate of roughly 120 beats per minute.
The seemingly odd range of 6-20 is to follow the general heart rate of a healthy young adult by multiplying by 10. For instance, a perceived exertion of 12 would be expected to coincide with a heart rate of roughly 120 beats per minute.


==Set points on scale==
==Set points on the RPE scale==
It ranges from 6 to 20,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/everyone/measuring/exertion.html|publisher=CDC|title=Measuring Physical Activity Intensity}}</ref>{{circular-inline|date=October 2015}} where 6 means "no exertion at all" and 20 means "maximal exertion." Choose the number from below that best describes your level of exertion. This will give you a good idea of the intensity level of your activity, and you can use this information to speed up or slow down your movements to reach your desired range.
The Borg RPE scale is a numerical scale that ranges from 6 to 20,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/everyone/measuring/exertion.html|publisher=CDC|title=Measuring Physical Activity Intensity}}</ref> where 6 means "no exertion at all" and 20 means "maximal exertion." When a measurement is taken, a number is chosen from the following scale by an individual that best describes their level of exertion during physical activity.
:6 No exertion at all

:7 Extremely light (7.5)
Try to appraise your feeling of exertion as honestly as possible, without thinking about what the actual physical load is. Your own feeling of effort and exertion is important, not how it compares to other people's. Look at the scales and the expressions and then give a number.
:8

:9 Very light
6 No exertion at all
:10

:11 Light
7 Extremely light (7.5)
:12

:13 Somewhat hard
8
:14

:15 Hard
9 Very light
:16

:17 Very hard
10
:18

:19 Extremely hard
11 Light
:20 Maximal exertion

12

13 Somewhat hard

14

15 Hard

16

17 Very hard

18

19 Extremely hard

20 Maximal exertion


9 corresponds to "very light" exercise. For a healthy person, it is like walking slowly at his or her own pace for some minutes

13 on the scale is "somewhat hard" exercise, but it still feels OK to continue.

17, or "very hard", is very strenuous. A healthy person can still go on, but he or she really has to push him- or herself. It feels very heavy, and the person is very tired.

19 on the scale is an extremely strenuous exercise level. For most people this is the most strenuous exercise they have ever experienced.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{More footnotes|date=April 2008}}
* Borg's Perceived Exertion and Pain Scales. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 1998
* {{Cite journal
| last1 = Borg | first1 = G.
| title = Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress
| journal = Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine
| volume = 2
| issue = 2
| pages = 92–98
| year = 1970
| pmid = 5523831
}}
<references/>


==External links==
==External links==

Version vom 10. März 2016, 23:29 Uhr

In sports and particularly exercise testing, the rating of perceived exertion (RPE), as measured by the Borg rating of perceived exertion scale (RPE scale),[1][2][3] is a frequently used quantitative measure of perceived exertion during physical activity.[3][4][5] In medicine this is used to document the patient's exertion during a test, and sports coaches use the scale to assess the intensity of training and competition. The original scale introduced by Gunnar Borg rated exertion on a scale of 6-20. Borg then constructed a category (C) ratio (R) scale, the Borg CR10 Scale. This is especially used in clinical diagnosis of breathlessness and dyspnea, chest pain, angina and musculo-skeletal pain. The CR-10 scale is best suited when there is an overriding sensation arising either from a specific area of the body, for example, muscle pain, ache or fatigue in the quadriceps or from pulmonary responses.

The Borg scale can be compared to other linear scales such as the Likert scale or a visual analogue scale. The sensitivity and reproducibility of the results are broadly very similar, although the Borg may outperform the Likert scale in some cases.[6]

The seemingly odd range of 6-20 is to follow the general heart rate of a healthy young adult by multiplying by 10. For instance, a perceived exertion of 12 would be expected to coincide with a heart rate of roughly 120 beats per minute.

Set points on the RPE scale

The Borg RPE scale is a numerical scale that ranges from 6 to 20,[7] where 6 means "no exertion at all" and 20 means "maximal exertion." When a measurement is taken, a number is chosen from the following scale by an individual that best describes their level of exertion during physical activity.

6 No exertion at all
7 Extremely light (7.5)
8
9 Very light
10
11 Light
12
13 Somewhat hard
14
15 Hard
16
17 Very hard
18
19 Extremely hard
20 Maximal exertion

References

Vorlage:Reflist

External links

  1. Borg GA: Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. In: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 14. Jahrgang, Nr. 5, 1982, S. 377–81, PMID 7154893.
  2. Borg G: Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress. In: Scand J Rehabil Med. 2. Jahrgang, Nr. 2, 1970, S. 92–8, PMID 5523831.
  3. a b Dawes HN, Barker KL, Cockburn J, Roach N, Scott O, Wade D: Borg's rating of perceived exertion scales: do the verbal anchors mean the same for different clinical groups? In: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 86. Jahrgang, Nr. 5, 2005, S. 912–6, doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2004.10.043, PMID 15895336.
  4. Roelands B, de Koning J, Foster C, Hettinga F, Meeusen R: Neurophysiological determinants of theoretical concepts and mechanisms involved in pacing. In: Sports Med. 43. Jahrgang, Nr. 5, Mai 2013, S. 301–311, doi:10.1007/s40279-013-0030-4, PMID 23456493: „A component that appears to integrate many variables during whole-body exercise is the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) [15]. ...
    15. Borg GA. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1982;14(5):377–81.“
  5. Rattray B, Argus C, Martin K, Northey J, Driller M: Is it time to turn our attention toward central mechanisms for post-exertional recovery strategies and performance? In: Front. Physiol. 6. Jahrgang, März 2015, S. 79, doi:10.3389/fphys.2015.00079, PMID 25852568, PMC 4362407 (freier Volltext): „Aside from accounting for the reduced performance of mentally fatigued participants, this model rationalizes the reduced RPE and hence improved cycling time trial performance of athletes using a glucose mouthwash (Chambers et al., 2009) and the greater power output during a RPE matched cycling time trial following amphetamine ingestion“
  6. S. Grant, T. Aitchison, E. Henderson, J. Christie, S. Zare, J. McMurray, H. Dargie: A Comparison of the Reproducibility and the Sensitivity to Change of Visual Analogue Scales, Borg Scales, and Likert Scales in Normal Subjects During Submaximal Exercise. In: Chest. 116. Jahrgang, Nr. 5, 1999, S. 1208–1217, doi:10.1378/chest.116.5.1208, PMID 10559077.
  7. Measuring Physical Activity Intensity. CDC;