Punicic acid is a [[Polyunsaturated fatty acid#Conjugated fatty acids|conjugated linolenic acid]] or ClnA; i.e. it has three [[Conjugated system|conjugated double bonds]]. It is chemically similar to the [[conjugated linoleic acid]]s, or CLA, which have two.
Punicic acid is a [[Polyunsaturated fatty acid#Conjugated fatty acids|conjugated linolenic acid]] or ClnA; i.e. it has three [[Conjugated system|conjugated double bonds]]. It is chemically similar to the [[conjugated linoleic acid]]s, or CLA, which have two.
In lab rats, it was found that punicic acid was converted to the CLA [[rumenic acid]] (9Z11E-CLA).<ref name=Tsuzuki>
In lab rats, it was found that punicic acid was converted to the CLA [[rumenic acid]] (9Z11E-CLA).<ref name=Tsuzuki>
{{cite journal| journal=J Nutr|year= 2006|month= Aug|volume=136|issue=8|pages=2153-9| accessdate= 2007-01-11|title=Conjugated linolenic acid is slowly absorbed in rat intestine, but quickly converted to conjugated linoleic acid| author= Tsuzuki T, Kawakami Y, Abe R|url=http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/abstract/136/8/2153| accessdate= 2007-01-23}}</ref> In vitro, it shows anticancer activity against prostate cancer cells.<ref name=Lansky>{{cite journal |author=Lansky E, Harrison G, Froom P, Jiang W |title=Pomegranate (Punica granatum) pure chemicals show possible synergistic inhibition of human PC-3 prostate cancer cell invasion across Matrigel |journal=Invest New Drugs |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=121-2 |year=2005 |id=PMID 15744587| accessdate= 2007-01-23}}</ref> OLETF rats—a strain which becomes obese—remained relatively lean when punicic acid was added to their feed.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Arao K, Wang Y, Inoue N, Hirata J, Cha J, Nagao K, Yanagita T |title=Dietary effect of pomegranate seed oil rich in 9cis, 11trans, 13cis conjugated linolenic acid on lipid metabolism in obese, hyperlipidemic OLETF rats |journal=Lipids Health Dis |volume=3 |issue= |pages=24 |year= |id=PMID 15533261|accessdate= 2007-01-23}}</ref> [[Adipose tissue|Fat cells]] undergo [[apoptosis|programmed cell death]] when exposed to punicic acid from bitter-gourd oil.<ref name=Nishimura >{{cite journal |author=Nishimura K, Tsumagari H, Morioka A, Yamauchi Y, Miyashita K, Lu S, Jisaka M, Nagaya T, Yokota K |title=Regulation of apoptosis through arachidonate cascade in mammalian cells |journal=Appl Biochem Biotechnol |volume=102-103 |issue=1-6 |pages=239-50 |year= |id=PMID 12396127|accessdate=2007-01-29}}</ref>
{{cite journal| journal=J Nutr|year= 2006|month= Aug|volume=136|issue=8|pages=2153–9| accessdate= 2007-01-23|title=Conjugated linolenic acid is slowly absorbed in rat intestine, but quickly converted to conjugated linoleic acid| author= Tsuzuki T, Kawakami Y, Abe R|url=http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/content/abstract/136/8/2153|pmid=16857834}}</ref> In vitro, it shows anticancer activity against prostate cancer cells.<ref name=Lansky>{{cite journal |author=Lansky E, Harrison G, Froom P, Jiang W |title=Pomegranate (Punica granatum) pure chemicals show possible synergistic inhibition of human PC-3 prostate cancer cell invasion across Matrigel |journal=Invest New Drugs |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=121–2 |year=2005 |pmid=15744587| accessdate= 2007-01-23 |doi=10.1007/s10637-005-5856-7}}</ref> OLETF rats—a strain which becomes obese—remained relatively lean when punicic acid was added to their feed.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Arao K, Wang Y, Inoue N, Hirata J, Cha J, Nagao K, Yanagita T |title=Dietary effect of pomegranate seed oil rich in 9cis, 11trans, 13cis conjugated linolenic acid on lipid metabolism in obese, hyperlipidemic OLETF rats |journal=Lipids Health Dis |volume=3 |issue= |pages=24 |year= |pmid=15533261|accessdate= 2007-01-23 |doi=10.1186/1476-511X-3-24}}</ref> [[Adipose tissue|Fat cells]] undergo [[apoptosis|programmed cell death]] when exposed to punicic acid from bitter-gourd oil.<ref name=Nishimura >{{cite journal |author=Nishimura K, Tsumagari H, Morioka A, Yamauchi Y, Miyashita K, Lu S, Jisaka M, Nagaya T, Yokota K |title=Regulation of apoptosis through arachidonate cascade in mammalian cells |journal=Appl Biochem Biotechnol |volume=102-103 |issue=1-6 |pages=239–50 |year= |pmid=12396127|accessdate=2007-01-29 |doi=10.1385/ABAB:102-103:1-6:239}}</ref>
Punicic acid is a conjugated linolenic acid or ClnA; i.e. it has three conjugated double bonds. It is chemically similar to the conjugated linoleic acids, or CLA, which have two.
In lab rats, it was found that punicic acid was converted to the CLA rumenic acid (9Z11E-CLA).[2] In vitro, it shows anticancer activity against prostate cancer cells.[3] OLETF rats—a strain which becomes obese—remained relatively lean when punicic acid was added to their feed.[4]Fat cells undergo programmed cell death when exposed to punicic acid from bitter-gourd oil.[5]
↑Tsuzuki T, Kawakami Y, Abe R: Conjugated linolenic acid is slowly absorbed in rat intestine, but quickly converted to conjugated linoleic acid. In: J Nutr. 136. Jahrgang, Nr.8, August 2006, S.2153–9, PMID 16857834 (nutrition.org [abgerufen am 23. Januar 2007]).
↑Lansky E, Harrison G, Froom P, Jiang W: Pomegranate (Punica granatum) pure chemicals show possible synergistic inhibition of human PC-3 prostate cancer cell invasion across Matrigel. In: Invest New Drugs. 23. Jahrgang, Nr.2, 2005, S.121–2, doi:10.1007/s10637-005-5856-7, PMID 15744587. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite journal: Der Parameter 'format', 'access-date' (bzw. Alias) oder 'archive-url' (bzw. Alias) wurde angegeben, aber der Parameter 'url' fehlt.
↑Arao K, Wang Y, Inoue N, Hirata J, Cha J, Nagao K, Yanagita T: Dietary effect of pomegranate seed oil rich in 9cis, 11trans, 13cis conjugated linolenic acid on lipid metabolism in obese, hyperlipidemic OLETF rats. In: Lipids Health Dis. 3. Jahrgang, S.24, doi:10.1186/1476-511X-3-24, PMID 15533261. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite journal: Der Parameter 'format', 'access-date' (bzw. Alias) oder 'archive-url' (bzw. Alias) wurde angegeben, aber der Parameter 'url' fehlt.
↑Nishimura K, Tsumagari H, Morioka A, Yamauchi Y, Miyashita K, Lu S, Jisaka M, Nagaya T, Yokota K: Regulation of apoptosis through arachidonate cascade in mammalian cells. In: Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 102-103. Jahrgang, Nr.1-6, S.239–50, doi:10.1385/ABAB:102-103:1-6:239, PMID 12396127. Fehler beim Aufruf der Vorlage:Cite journal: Der Parameter 'format', 'access-date' (bzw. Alias) oder 'archive-url' (bzw. Alias) wurde angegeben, aber der Parameter 'url' fehlt.
