„Alpha-Latrotoxin“ – Versionsunterschied

Alpha-Latrotoxin
Masse/Länge Primärstruktur	1381 Aminosäuren
Sekundär- bis Quartärstruktur	Homotetramer
Bezeichner
Externe IDs	UniProt: P23631;
Transporter-Klassifikation
TCDB	1.C.63
Bezeichnung	Latrotoxine
Vorkommen
Homologie-Familie	Hovergen

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Version vom 19. Dezember 2014, 17:26 Uhr

Alpha-Latrotoxin ist ein Nervengift und Hauptbestandteil des von Spinnen der Gattung Echte Witwen (Latrodectus) in den Giftdrüsen produzierten Giftgemischs.

Wirkungsweise

Alpha-Latrotoxin ist ein relativ großmolekulares Toxin, das seine Wirkung am peripheren Nervensystem entfaltet. Es wirkt, indem es in der präsynaptischen Nervenzelle zusätzliche Calcium-Kanäle öffnet, an deren Struktur das Toxin wahrscheinlich selbst maßgeblich beteiligt ist und die besonders für Calciumionen durchlässig sind. Durch den Calciumionen-Einstrom in die Zelle werden ständig Transmitter abgegeben, also ein andauerndes Signal. Es kommt zu Krämpfen. Zum Tod führt das Gift, wenn die Krämpfe das Atemsystem befallen und zur Erstickung (durch Atemstillstand oder durch Ödeme) führen.

Literatur

Grishin EV (November 1998). "Black widow spider toxins: the present and the future". Toxicon 36 (11): 1693–701. doi:10.1016/S0041-0101(98)00162-7. PMID 9792186.
Südhof TC (2001). "alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors: neurexins and CIRL/latrophilins". Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24: 933–62. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.933. PMID 11520923.
Ushkaryov, YA; Volynski, KE, Ashton, AC (April 2004). "The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies". Toxicon 43 (5): 527–42. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008. PMID 15066411.
Ushkaryov, YA; Rohou, A; Sugita, S (2008). "alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors". Handbook of experimental pharmacology. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 184 (184): 171–206. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74805-2_7. ISBN 978-3-540-74804-5. PMC 2519134 (freier Volltext). PMID 18064415.
Henkel, AW; Sankaranarayanan, S (May 1999). "Mechanisms of alpha-latrotoxin action". Cell and tissue research 296 (2): 229–33. doi:10.1007/s004410051284. PMID 10382267.
Peterson, ME (November 2006). "Black widow spider envenomation". Clinical techniques in small animal practice 21 (4): 187–90. doi:10.1053/j.ctsap.2006.10.003. PMID 17265903.
Hiramatsu, H; Tadokoro, S; Nakanishi, M; Hirashima, N (December 2010). "Latrotoxin-induced exocytosis in mast cells transfected with latrophilin". Toxicon 56 (8): 1372–80. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.08.002. PMID 20708026.
Jelinek, GA (November 1997). "Widow spider envenomation (latrodectism): a worldwide problem". Wilderness & environmental medicine 8 (4): 226–31. doi:10.1580/1080-6032(1997)008[0226:WSELAW]2.3.CO;2. PMID 11990169.
Rohou A, Nield J, Ushkaryov YA (March 2007). "Insecticidal toxins from black widow spider venom". Toxicon 49 (4): 531–49. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.11.021. PMC 2517654 (freier Volltext). PMID 17210168.
Gasparini S, Kiyatkin N, Drevet P, et al. (August 1994). "The low molecular weight protein which co-purifies with alpha-latrotoxin is structurally related to crustacean hyperglycemic hormones". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (31): 19803–9. PMID 8051061.
Graudins, Andis; Little, Michelle J.; Pineda, Sandy S.; Hains, Peter G.; King, Glenn F.; Broady, Kevin W.; Nicholson, Graham M. (1 January 2012). "Cloning and Activity of a Novel α-latrotoxin from Red-back Spider Venom". Biochemical Pharmacology 83 (1): 170–183. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.024. PMID 22001442.

@@ Zeile 42: / Zeile 42: @@
 == Literatur ==
-* Grishin EV (November 1998). "Black widow spider toxins: the present and the future". Toxicon 36 (11): 1693–701. doi:10.1016/S0041-0101(98)00162-7. PMID 9792186.
+* Grishin EV (November 1998). "Black widow spider toxins: the present and the future". Toxicon 36 (11): 1693–701. {{doi|10.1016/S0041-0101(98)00162-7}}. PMID 9792186.
-* Südhof TC (2001). "alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors: neurexins and CIRL/latrophilins". Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24: 933–62. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.933. PMID 11520923.
+* Südhof TC (2001). "alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors: neurexins and CIRL/latrophilins". Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24: 933–62. {{doi|10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.933}}. PMID 11520923.
+* Ushkaryov, YA; Volynski, KE, Ashton, AC (April 2004). "The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies". Toxicon 43 (5): 527–42. {{doi|10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008}}. PMID 15066411.
-* Südhof, TC (2001). "alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors: neurexins and CIRL/latrophilins". Annual review of neuroscience 24: 933–62. doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.24.1.933. PMID 11520923.
+* Ushkaryov, YA; Rohou, A; Sugita, S (2008). "alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors". Handbook of experimental pharmacology. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 184 (184): 171–206. {{doi|10.1007/978-3-540-74805-2_7}}. ISBN 978-3-540-74804-5. {{PMC|2519134}}. PMID 18064415.
-* Ushkaryov, YA; Volynski, KE, Ashton, AC (April 2004). "The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies". Toxicon 43 (5): 527–42. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008. PMID 15066411.
+* Henkel, AW; Sankaranarayanan, S (May 1999). "Mechanisms of alpha-latrotoxin action". Cell and tissue research 296 (2): 229–33. {{doi|10.1007/s004410051284}}. PMID 10382267.
-* Ushkaryov, YA; Volynski, KE, Ashton, AC (April 2004). "The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies". Toxicon 43 (5): 527–42. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008. PMID 15066411.
+* Peterson, ME (November 2006). "Black widow spider envenomation". Clinical techniques in small animal practice 21 (4): 187–90. {{doi|10.1053/j.ctsap.2006.10.003}}. PMID 17265903.
-* Ushkaryov, YA; Rohou, A; Sugita, S (2008). "alpha-Latrotoxin and its receptors". Handbook of experimental pharmacology. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology 184 (184): 171–206. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74805-2_7. ISBN 978-3-540-74804-5. PMC 2519134. PMID 18064415.
-* Ushkaryov, YA; Volynski, KE, Ashton, AC (April 2004). "The multiple actions of black widow spider toxins and their selective use in neurosecretion studies". Toxicon 43 (5): 527–42. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.02.008. PMID 15066411.
+* Hiramatsu, H; Tadokoro, S; Nakanishi, M; Hirashima, N (December 2010). "Latrotoxin-induced exocytosis in mast cells transfected with latrophilin". Toxicon 56 (8): 1372–80. {{doi|10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.08.002}}. PMID 20708026.
+* Jelinek, GA (November 1997). "Widow spider envenomation (latrodectism): a worldwide problem". Wilderness & environmental medicine 8 (4): 226–31. {{doi|10.1580/1080-6032(1997)008[0226:WSELAW]2.3.CO;2}}. PMID 11990169.
-* Henkel, AW; Sankaranarayanan, S (May 1999). "Mechanisms of alpha-latrotoxin action". Cell and tissue research 296 (2): 229–33. doi:10.1007/s004410051284. PMID 10382267.
-* Peterson, ME (November 2006). "Black widow spider envenomation". Clinical techniques in small animal practice 21 (4): 187–90. doi:10.1053/j.ctsap.2006.10.003. PMID 17265903.
+* Rohou A, Nield J, Ushkaryov YA (March 2007). "Insecticidal toxins from black widow spider venom". Toxicon 49 (4): 531–49. {{doi|10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.11.021}}. {{PMC|2517654}}. PMID 17210168.
-* Hiramatsu, H; Tadokoro, S; Nakanishi, M; Hirashima, N (December 2010). "Latrotoxin-induced exocytosis in mast cells transfected with latrophilin". Toxicon 56 (8): 1372–80. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.08.002. PMID 20708026.
-* Jelinek, GA (November 1997). "Widow spider envenomation (latrodectism): a worldwide problem". Wilderness & environmental medicine 8 (4): 226–31. doi:10.1580/1080-6032(1997)008[0226:WSELAW]2.3.CO;2. PMID 11990169.
-* Rohou A, Nield J, Ushkaryov YA (March 2007). "Insecticidal toxins from black widow spider venom". Toxicon 49 (4): 531–49. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.11.021. PMC 2517654. PMID 17210168.
 * Gasparini S, Kiyatkin N, Drevet P, et al. (August 1994). "The low molecular weight protein which co-purifies with alpha-latrotoxin is structurally related to crustacean hyperglycemic hormones". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (31): 19803–9. PMID 8051061.
-* Graudins, Andis; Little, Michelle J.; Pineda, Sandy S.; Hains, Peter G.; King, Glenn F.; Broady, Kevin W.; Nicholson, Graham M. (1 January 2012). "Cloning and Activity of a Novel α-latrotoxin from Red-back Spider Venom". Biochemical Pharmacology 83 (1): 170–183. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.024. PMID 22001442.
+* Graudins, Andis; Little, Michelle J.; Pineda, Sandy S.; Hains, Peter G.; King, Glenn F.; Broady, Kevin W.; Nicholson, Graham M. (1 January 2012). "Cloning and Activity of a Novel α-latrotoxin from Red-back Spider Venom". Biochemical Pharmacology 83 (1): 170–183. {{doi|10.1016/j.bcp.2011.09.024}}. PMID 22001442.
 [[Kategorie:Membrankanal]]

„Alpha-Latrotoxin“ – Versionsunterschied

Version vom 19. Dezember 2014, 17:26 Uhr

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Literatur

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