Benutzer:Liebeskind/OpenBSD
This page is dedicated to my experience with OpenBSD as a desktop OS. It's some sort of a scratch file in which I am collecting basic steps in order to be able to reproduce my installation in the future.
OpenBSD vs. Linux differences
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]OpenBSD is a complete OS including X11 and a standard desktop – contrary to Linux, which is a kernel, combined into an OS by the particular distributions.
OpenBSD | GNU/Linux |
---|---|
doas* | sudo |
ksh | bash |
rcctl | systemctl etc. |
*sudo can be installed, but doas is the new default that offers a more comprehensive config syntax. It was also ported as opendoas to Linux.
Basic Installation
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]https://www.openbsdhandbook.com/installation/
Basic Configuration
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]/etc/doas.conf
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]- permit pesist :wheel as root
enable ksh command history[1]
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]in $HOME/.profile change
- export ENV="$HOME/.kshrc"
BEWARE: If you are using xfce4 or lxqt directly through xenodm, you need to add this variable also to the respective file of the desktop. (see below)
in $HOME/.kshrc
- HISTFILE="$HOME/.ksh_history"
- HISTSIZE=5000
Replacing the Standard Desktop
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Prerequisites
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]The standard desktop of OpenBSD 6.8 consists of X11, the xenodm login manager and the fvwm window manager. In order to prevent the automatic start of an fvwm session after the login through xenodm, we have to open the file /etc/X11/xenodm/Xsession with root rights and outcomment the lines ${exec_prefix}/bin/xterm & and ${exec_prefix}/bin/fvwm with '#'.
Installing the Mate Desktop
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]scaling on HiDPI: deconf-editor
/org/mate/desktop/interface/window-scaling-factor
XFCE4 Desktop
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]In our user folder we have to create the file ~/.xsession and add:
- startxfce4 --with-ck-launch
Good to have
- xfce4-xkb
- xfce4-pulseaudio
Applications and Features
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]SAMBA Client
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Client: gvfs-smb
NextCloud/Owncloud-Client "too many files"-error
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]SAMBA folder
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]GTK2 theme/font switcher
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]- gtk-chtheme
Hints, Solutions, Workarounds
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]fontcache force rebuild
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]fc-cache --force --verbose
workaroung for ugly bitmap Helvetica in Firefox
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Problem:
- Firefox uses the file helvR12-ISO8859-1.pcf.gz from /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/ and /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/
Workaround:
- https://git.ghostscript.com/?p=urw-core35-fonts.git latest snapshot (.t1 and afm files for they have more convenient metrics) -> ~/.fonts
- nano ~/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf
- copy and paste the following code to nano, then save:
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd"> <fontconfig> <alias binding="same"> <family>Helvetica</family> <prefer> <family>Nimbus Sans</family> </prefer> </alias> </fontconfig>
Font replacement problem[2]
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Problem:
- Bitstream Vera Serif used instead of Times New Roman
Workaround:
- rm /etc/fonts/conf.avail/31-nonmst.conf
xfce4 environment variables
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]- $ cp /etc/xdg/xfce4/xinitrc ~/.config/xfce4/"
then add the variables in the beginning of the file, directly under the header.
lxqt environment variables
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]lxqt as a GUI option in the settings
Firefox dconf error under xfce4
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Problem: ~/.session-errors states:
- (firefox:26530): dconf-CRITICAL **: 10:15:33.313: unable to create file '/var/run/user/1000/dconf/user': Permission denied. dconf will not work properly.
Solution:
- # chown 1000:1000 /var/run/user/1000/dconf/user
video
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]doas chown USER:USER /dev/video0