Benutzer:Caronna/Spielwiese/east sibirien laika

https://fci.be/Nomenclature/Standards/306g05-de.pdf

ZAPADNO-SIBIRSKAÏA LAÏKA Westsibirischer Laika
Caronna/Spielwiese/east sibirien laika
FCI-Standard Nr. 306
Gruppe 5: Spitze und Hunde vom Urtyp Sektion 2: Nordische Jagdhunde Mit Arbeitsprüfung
Ursprung:	Russland
Widerristhöhe:	Rüde: 55–62 cm Hündin: 51–58 cm
Gewicht:	nicht festgelegt
Zuchtstandards:	FCI
Liste der Haushunde

Der Westsibirischer Laika (russisch: … лайка, ZAPADNO-SIBIRSKAÏA LAÏKA) ist eine von der FCI anerkannte Hunderasse. Sie gehört zur Gruppe 5, Sektion 1: Nordische Schlittenhunde.

Geschichte

Diese noch sehr ursprünglich russische Jagdhundrasse entstand in der Gegend des Ural, in West- und Ost-Sibirischen Wald Gegenden und wurde aus Khanty und Manci Jagdhunden herausgezüchtet. Die ersten Standarde der Vogul (Mansi) und Osyak (Khanty) Laiki entstanden im Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts bei russischen Kynologen. Im Jahr 1947 wurden die neuen Anforderungen für Laika Rassen bekannt. Der neue Rasse Standard für den Zapadno- Sibirischen Laika wurden im Jahr 1952 anerkannt. Heutzutage ist der Zapadno-Sibirische Laika die häufigste Jagdhund Rasse in Russland und in allen Waldgegenden des Landes von Karelia bis zu Kamchtka weit verbreitet. Der aktuelle Officielle Rassestandart datiert auf den 30.10.2010

AUSSEHEN

Das Deckhaar ist dicht, hart und gerade. Die Unterwolle ist gut entwickelt, weich, üppig und wollig.Das Haar am Kopf und den hoch angesetzten Stehohren ist kurz und dicht. Die Ringelrute wird über dem Rücken oder über dem Gesäβ getragen ist üppig mit geradem Haar bewachsen, welches nur etwas länger und ohne Fransen- an der Unterseite ist. Farbe : Grau mit rötlichem braun, rot mit rötlichem braun, grau, rot, falb und rötliches braun in allen Schattierungen. Einfarbig weiβ oder vielfarbig, d.h. weiβ mit Flecken von jeglicher oben erwähnter Farbe ähnlich der Grundkörperfarbe. Die FCI nennt das Gangwerk frei, voller Energie. Typische Gangart ist ein kurzer Trab, wechselnd mit Galopp. Widerristhöhe : Rüden 55 – 62 cm. Hündinnen 51 – 58 cm.

The West Siberian Laika or WSL, is a breed of spitz–type hunting dog. Russian publications indicate that the term West Siberian Laika loosely applied to hunting dogs originating with the Mansi and Khanty people in Ural and West Siberia, but there were no standards or registrations of WSL as such until 1930. Then WWII disrupted it for a while, but systematic breeding with registrations resumed after the war ended, in 1946. This was the time the breed began taking modern shape. Before that hunters only knew of Mansi Laika and Khanty Laika. In early 1960 many hunters in Ural still preferred the term Mansi Laika, when speaking of West Siberian Laika. In Russian language, the term Laika originated from the word layat that means to bark. The word Laika simply means barker. Any hunting Laika is a bark pointer (pointing at animal of interest by barking and staying with the animal ). It is a versatile dog depending on use and environment, but in certain parts of the country they have become more specialized.

History

Laikas resemble those dogs that originally accompanied humans since prehistory worldwide, until they became replaced with lop-eared, specialized for certain style of hunting, cultured breeds. In large sparser populated parts of Russia, this process came at a later time and aboriginal Laika types still remain with hunters in remote northern and northeastern provinces of the country.

Deforestation of land for agriculture and industrialization in later 19th-early 20th Centuries accelerated replacement of Laikas with other popular at the time dogs. Russian experts of the late 19th century distinguished dozens of varieties of aboriginal Laikas, each associated with a particular ethnic group of indigenous people of northeastern Europe and Siberia, but none of them had been considered as purebred and pedigreed. Russians tried to save some hunting Laikas from extinction by bringing them from different provincial parts of Russia in cities of European part of the country and breeding them pure. Starting from thirtieth and especially after WW II, they established four breeds as purebreds: the Karelo-Finnish Laika, the Russ-European Laika, the West Siberian Laika and the East Siberian Laika. They all are bark-pointing dogs and their hunting behavior is generally similar. All of them are descendants of aboriginal types of Laikas selectively sampled from large territories and lumped into the four breeds for breeding in kennels. Among all of them, the West Siberian Laika became most popular and by present time it is most numerous Laika far beyond its original range in Russia.

Utilitarian qualities

Laika hunting raccoon.

The West Siberian Laika is primarily a hunting dog. Anyone who decides on a puppy of this breed should expect a full package of traits of a typical hunting Spitz. It is exceptionally intelligent and emotional dog, observant to the habits of its master and mood, often can foresee intentions. It does not hesitate to express its strong feelings by barking and other noises. The West Siberian Laika is a poor kennel dog. If the dog is left alone, locked up in a small backyard or in a pen, some dogs develop a habit of barking, seemingly without a purpose. Permanently penned or fenced West Siberian Laikas attempt to dig under the fence or climb over it. Some dogs not trained to stay penned, try to bite the wires and thereby can damage their teeth. Once freed or turned loose, such dog may be hard to control for some time due to mental damage. It will run too far, chase other animals and likely get into trouble. West Siberian Laikas that are kept well exercised, busy with hunting and contacts with other dogs, animals and people, are content, obedient and never bark without a reason. Therefore, to make a happy dog and its owner, the right conditions of the environment for hunting plus time dedicated to the dog must be met.

All West Siberian Laikas are naturally protective against wild animals, especially predators, and some dogs are protective against strangers acting suspicious or violent. A West Siberian Laika will make a good companion dog for a hiking trip. However, its extraordinary interest in wildlife demands special attention because the dog may tree some animals and stay far behind for some time. The West Siberian Laika is a great psycho-therapy dog for able bodied active people, who like to walk a lot or hunt. It needs regular exercising between hunting seasons by going on a walking trips in order to stay healthy and fit.

A 4 month old WSL female pup, it is at this stage that their unique natural hunting instincts become evident.

Breeds of these dogs have been widely used to reduce human-bear conflicts in the U.S., Canada and Japan. They were introduced in 2004 in Karuizawa, Japan, a popular resort town 170 km northwest of Tokyo, where they reduced the number of bear incidents from 255 in 2006 to four in 2017. So, if you have bears in the woods near you, this dog would be the best to warn you or your loved ones in time about the bear's presence and may even show you a treed bear. If a Laika sees a bear, they will run towards it due to fearless nature, not from it, and will continuously bark. When a Laika barks at a bear, their voice sounds in a threatening manner as if they were barking at a human—very distinctive in comparison when they are barking at a squirrel which tends to be more in routine, repetitive tone. Treeing squirrels and other small game comes naturally. Just take your puppy into woods and turn it loose. They are extraordinary sensitive sound listeners and will start finding squirrels by age of 4 to 10 months. Mansi, Khanty, Russians and any other ethnic groups of people living in Russia use the same dogs for hunting and as alarm dogs.

Some West Siberian Laikas work well herding reindeer herds. During any activity or training, hunting overrules everything else. A Mansi never minds if his Laika abandons his reindeer herd for a while, especially if his Laika finds valuable game. Mansi and Khanty use reindeer and, in some cases, horses as a draft animal, but good hunting dogs are never used to pull sleds. It would be like using a valuable dagger to chop firewood. If a sled dog is needed, they use another kind sturdy built and larger dog called in Russian "Yezdovaya Laika" or sled Laika. This is practiced mainly in polar tundra where reindeer have nothing to eat.

See also

• Dogs portal
• List of dog breeds

References

Sources in Russian Language:

• Dmitrieva-Sulima, M., "Laika and Hunting With It", Sanct-Peterburg, 1911. Republished by Aquarium, Moscow, 2003.
• Ioannesyan, A. P., "Materials on Breeding of Hunting Dogs," "West Siberian Laika", pages 29–32, Moscow, 1990.
• Vakhrushev, I. I. and M. G. Volkov, "Hunting Laikas", Zagotizdat, Moscow, 1945.
• Voilochnikov, A. T. and Voilochnikova, S.D. "Laikas and Hunting With Them", Lesnaya Promyshlennost, Moscow, 1972.
• Voilochnikov, A. T. and Voilochnikova, S.D. "Which Breed of Laikas is the Best?", "Hunting and Hunting Industry", issue 10, page 30 -31, 1972.
• Voilochnikov, A. T. and Voilochnikova, S.D. "Hunting Laikas", Lesnaya Promyshlennost, Moscow, 1982.

Sources in English Language:

• Cherkassov, A. A., 1884, "Notes of an East Siberian Hunter", A. S. Suvorin, Sanct Peterburg. Translated in English by Vladimir Beregovoy and Stephen Bodio and published by AuthorHouse, Bloomington, IN, 2012.
• Beregovoy, Vladimir, "Hunting Laika Breeds of Russia", Crystal Dream Publishing, USA, 2001.

Sources in German Language:

• Jagdlaikarassen Russlands, 2013, Verlag Laika-Klub, Germany, Vorlage:ISBN, Translated into German by Tina and Edda Thalis, Christine and Dieter Klingelhoeller.

External links

• Photo of E. I. Shershevsky's "foundation stock" of West Siberian Laikas gathered from Ural and West Siberia for pedigree work in experimental kennel of industrial hunting dogs of All Union Institute of Hunting Industry, 1954

Commons: Caronna/Spielwiese/east sibirien laika – Album mit Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien