Benutzer:Homo.deus/Professionelles Spenden

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Professionelles Spenden (Englisch earning to give) zielt darauf ab eine hochbezahlte Karriere zu verfolgen, um einen signifikanten Anteil des eigenen Einkommens zu spenden. Dabei wird in vielen Fällen versucht durch eine strategische Auswahl besonders effektiver Organisationen die positive Wirkung der eigenen Spenden weiter zu erhöhen.

Das Konzept des professionellen Spendens wird häufig mit der Bewegung des effektiven Altruismus in Verbindung gebracht, wo es als eine Strategie diskutiert wird, um möglichst viel Gutes zu bewirken und Leid zu verhindern. Befürworter des professionellen Spendens argumentieren, dass die Erhöhung der eigenen Spendenbeträge eine wichtige Überlegung für die Karrierewahl von Menschen mit altruistischer Motivation sein sollte.

Earning to give involves deliberately pursuing a high-earning career for the purpose of donating a significant portion of earned income, typically because of a belief in effective altruism.

Advocates of earning to give sometimes suggest that maximizing the amount one can donate to charity is an important consideration for individuals when deciding what career to pursue, even if the individual has less intrinsic interest in high-earning careers.[1]

Befürworter[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Proponents[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

In the 1996 book Living High and Letting Die, the philosopher Peter Unger wrote that it was morally praiseworthy and perhaps even morally required for people in academia who could earn substantially greater salaries in the business world to leave academia, earn the greater salaries, and donate most of the extra money to charity.[2] Moral philosopher Peter Singer has laid the foundations for effective altruism and earning to give in his 1971 essay "Famine, Affluence and Morality" and since advocated for donating considerable amounts of ones income to effective charitable organizations.[3] Singer is a public proponent of effective altruism and endorsed earning to give in his 2013 TED talk.[4] Associate Professor in Philosophy at Oxford University William MacAskill promoted earning to give as one possible high impact career in several news articles and in his 2015 book Doing Good Better: Effective Altruism and a Radical New Way to Make a Difference.[5][6] MacAskill is the co-founder and president of 80,000 Hours, a nonprofit which conducts research on careers with positive social impact and provides career advice.[7] The organization recommends earning to give as a career path with a high impact potential for effective altruists.[8][9]

In der Praxis[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

In practice[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Many of the people who practice earning to give consider themselves to be part of the effective altruism community.[1][10][11] Some donate up to 50% of their income, more than the 10% required for the basic Giving What We Can pledge.[11][1] They may live frugally to donate more money.[11] Financial careers are popular for those pursuing earning to give.[10][1]

Rezeption[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Debate[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

David Brooks criticized the concept in his New York Times opinion column,[12] arguing that, while altruists may start doing "earning to give" to realize their deepest commitments, their values may erode over time, becoming progressively less altruistic. In addition, Brooks objected to the view on which altruists should turn themselves "into a machine for the redistribution of wealth." Peter Singer responded to these criticisms in his book The Most Good You Can Do by giving examples of people who have been earning to give for years without losing their altruistic motivation.[13] William MacAskill also defended the practice against Brooks´criticisms in The Washington Post, arguing that even Friedrich Engels was earning to give to support the work of anti-capitalist Karl Marx financially.[6] Dana Goldstein has also criticized earning to give, prompting a response from Reihan Salam.[14]

Medienberichterstattung[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Media coverage[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Earning to give has been discussed in a number of news and media outlets including BBC News,[15] Quartz,[16] the Washington Post,[6][9] the New York Times,[12][17] The Atlantic,[18] The Guardian,[19] and Aeon Magazine.[20]

References[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Vorlage:Reflist

Vorlage:Effective altruism Vorlage:Charity

Category:Altruism Category:Charity Category:Donation Category:Giving Category:Philanthropy

  1. ↑ a b c d Nicholas Kristof: The Trader Who Donates Half His Pay. New York Times, 4. April 2015, abgerufen am 10. April 2015.
  2. ↑ Peter Unger: Living High and Letting Die. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1996, ISBN 0-19-802681-1.
  3. ↑ Alexandra Wolfe: Peter Singer on the Ethics of Philanthropy In: Wall Street Journal, 3. April 2015. Abgerufen am 4. April 2017 
  4. ↑ Vorlage:Citation
  5. ↑ To save the world, don’t get a job at a charity; go work on Wall Street In: Quartz. Abgerufen am 4. April 2017 (amerikanisches Englisch). 
  6. ↑ a b c William MacAskill, William MacAskill: Working for a hedge fund could be the most charitable thing you do In: Washington Post, 10. September 2015. Abgerufen am 4. April 2017 (amerikanisches Englisch). 
  7. ↑ Meet the team - 80,000 Hours In: 80,000 Hours. Abgerufen am 4. April 2017 (amerikanisches Englisch). 
  8. ↑ Why and how to earn to give - 80,000 Hours In: 80,000 Hours. Abgerufen am 4. April 2017 (amerikanisches Englisch). 
  9. ↑ a b Join Wall Street. Save the world. In: Washington Post. Abgerufen am 4. April 2017.
  10. ↑ a b The young professionals who believe their best chance at trying to save the world is by joining Wall Street and making millions. Daily Mail, 2. Juni 2013, abgerufen am 11. April 2015.
  11. ↑ a b c Larissa MacFarquhar: Strangers Drowning. Penguin, London 2015, ISBN 1-59420-433-0.
  12. ↑ a b David Brooks: The Way to Produce a Person. The New York Times, 3. Juni 2013, abgerufen am 16. Oktober 2013.
  13. ↑ 'Earning to Give' Leads to Happiness. In: Yale Press Log. 9. August 2016, abgerufen am 4. April 2017.
  14. ↑ Reihan Salam: The Rise of the Singerians. National Review, 31. Mai 2013, abgerufen am 26. November 2013.
  15. ↑ Sean Coughlan: Banking 'can be an ethical career choice'. BBC News, 21. November 2011, abgerufen am 4. Juli 2013.
  16. ↑ William MacAskill: To save the world, don’t get a job at a charity; go work on Wall Street. Quartz, 27. Februar 2013, abgerufen am 4. Juli 2013.
  17. ↑ Jamil Zaki: The Feel-Good School of Philanthropy In: The New York Times, 5. Dezember 2015. Abgerufen am 4. April 2017 
  18. ↑ Derek Thompson: The Most Efficient Way to Save a Life In: The Atlantic. Abgerufen am 4. April 2017 (amerikanisches Englisch). 
  19. ↑ Marc Gunther: Forget your dreams and follow the money if you want to help the world In: The Guardian, 22. September 2015. Abgerufen am 4. April 2017 (britisches Englisch). 
  20. ↑ Rhys Southan: Is it OK to make art? If you express your creativity while other people go hungry, you're probably not making the world a better place. Aeon Magazine, 20. März 2014, abgerufen am 21. März 2014.
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