Benutzer:Niccolò Caranti (OBC)/Sandbox

Vorlage:Expand list This is a list of journalists killed in Europe, divided by country.

While journalists in the European Union (EU) generally work in good conditions, there are cases of murdered journalists, and many of them remain unpunished. This list includes non EU countries within Europe such as Turkey, Ukraine and Russia

Number of journalists killed or murdered in Europe (Russia not included) while on duty or assignment, 1992-2018

Azerbaijan

• Photographer reporter Chingiz Mustafayev for Democratic Russia Press Agency was killed on 15 June, 1992, while filming fighting between Azerbaijanis and Armenians in Nagorno-Karabakh.
• Camera operator Adil Bunyatov for Reuters TV and the Turan News Agency was killed on 17 March, 1995, while covering a military offense on a rebel police unit.
• Elmar Huseynov, founder and editor of the opposition weekly news magazine Monitor, was gunned down in his apartment building in Baku on 2 March, 2005.
• Newspaper editor Novruzali Mamedov, of the now-defunct Talysh minority newspaper Talyshi Sado, died in a prison hospital on 17 August, 2009. His death was condemned by Baku-based Institute for Reporters’ Freedom and Safety as government neglect.
• Freelance reporter Rafiq Tağı, who contributed to the Azerbaijani branch of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL), was stabbed on 19 November, 2011 and died in a Baku hospital on 23 November.
• Rasim Aliyev, chairman of the Institute for Reporters’ Freedom and Safety was beaten up on 8 August, 2015. He died from his wounds the following day.

Belarus

• Dzmitry Zavadski disappeared and was presumably murdered on 7 July, 2000. On 14 March, 2002 four persons were sentenced for his abduction, but not for the murder, as the body had never been found,, and while the performers may have been condemned, the masterminds are still at large. He was declared dead on 28 November, 2003.
• Aleh Byabenin was found hanged in the stairwell of his summer home in Minsk on 3 September, 2010, but no suicide note was found.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

25 journalists were killed in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Yugoslav Wars between 1991 and 1995:

• On May 1, 1994 journalists Bryan Brinton and Francis William Tomasic were killed, and novelist William T. Vollmann was injured, by a landmine near Mostar.

Bulgaria

• Radio presenter and author Bobi Tsankov was shot dead in central Sofia on 5 January, 2010.
• Victoria Marinova, a television journalist who reported on an investigation into alleged corruption involving European Union funds was murdered in Bulgaria's northern town of Ruse. Her body was found on 6 October, 2018.

Croatia

Two journalists were killed in Croatia the 1991–1995 war in Yugoslavia:

• Croatian photographer and cameraman Gordan Lederer was killed by a Serbian sniper in Hrvatska Kostajnica on 9 August,1991, during the Croatian War of Independence.
• Croatian reporter Siniša Glavašević was beaten and executed by Serbian paramilitary forces, along with hundreds of others between 18–20 November, 1991, during the Battle of Vukovar.

Cyprus

• Turkish Cypriot journalist Kutlu Adalı was fatally machine-gunned outside his home in Nicosia on July 6, 1996. The Turkish Revenge Brigade claimed responsibility, but no one was condemned, and according to his widow evidence were wiped away and no investigation was conducted.

Denmark

• Swedish freelance journalist Kim Wall was killed by entrepreneur Peter Madsen on board of his submarine UC3 Nautilus. He was condemned to life imprisonment.

France

• 9 of the 12 victims of Charlie Hebdo shooting on 7 January, 2015, were journalists: Jean Maurice Jules Cabut (Cabu), Elsa Cayat, Stéphane Charbonnier (Charb), Philippe Honoré, Bernard Maris, Mustapha Ourrad, Michel Renaud, Bernard Verlhac (Tignous) and Georges Wolinski. Philippe Lançon, Fabrice Nicolino and Laurent "Riss" Sourisseau were wounded.
• Guillaume B. Decherf, music journalist for Les Inrockuptibles, was killed in the November 2015 attack on the Bataclan theatre.

Greece

• Investigative journalist and broadcaster Sokratis Giolias was assassinated on 19 July 2010 in Ilioupoli, Athens. He was shot more than 15 times with guns that have previously been used by the Sect of Revolutionaries, but the killers remains unpunished.

Ireland

• Crime reporter Veronica Guerin was murdered by drug lords on 26 June, 1996.

Italy

11 journalists were killed in Italy by mafias or terrorist organizations:

• Cosimo Cristina, killed by the Sicilian Mafia on 5 May, 1960.
• Mauro De Mauro disappeared on 16 September, 1970 and his body was never found.
• Giovanni Spampinato, killed by the Mafia on 27 October, 1972.
• Carlo Casalegno, killed by the Red Brigades on 29 November 1977.
• Peppino Impastato, killed by the Mafia on 9 May, 1978.
• Mario Francese, killed by the Mafia on 26 January, 1979.
• Walter Tobagi, killed by the Brigata XXVIII marzo (a far-left terrorist organization) on 28 May, 1980.
• Giuseppe Fava, killed by the Mafia on 5 January, 1984.
• Giancarlo Siani, killed by the Camorra on 23 September, 1985.
• Mauro Rostagno, killed by the Mafia on 26 September, 1988.
• Beppe Alfano, killed by Mafia on 8 January, 1993.

Kosovo

• During and in the aftermath of the Kosovo War at least seven Serbian journalists disappeared and are believed to have been killed in Kosovo.
• On May 7, 1999 three Chinese journalists died in the United States bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade. American officials later claimed they were intelligence agents.
• Two German journalists, Gabriel Grüner and Volker Krämer, were shot on June 13, 1999, near the village of Dulje, by Yugoslavian soldiers. Krämer died immediately, Grüner died later in a hospital in Tetovo, Macedonia.
• Journalist Bekim Kastrati was killed on October 19, 2001 while he was in his car with two other men: one of them was also killed and one was wounded. The motive is unconfirmed.
• Bardhyl Ajeti was shot on 3 June 2005 in Kosovo and died for the wounds in an hospital in Milan on June 28. No one has been condemned.

Latvia

• Gundars Matiss died on 28 November, 2001, from a brain hemorrhage after being attacked on November 15.

Lithuania

• Vitas Lingis was shot dead on October 12, 1993.

Malta

• Maltese reporter Daphne Caruana Galizia was murdered in a mafia-style car bomb attack on 16 October, 2017. This was the first attack of its kind in Malta and for a very long time in Western Europe. At 53, this mother of three was among the most exposed journalists on the island, notably because of her fight for transparency and against the corruption that is corroding Maltese politics and society. She made a lot of enemies through her investigations and revelations, both in the newspapers where she was working and on her blog, one of the most popular in the country, especially within the island’s political and business elite. She received many threats and recently filed a police report about it.

Poland

• Investigative journalist Łukasz Masiak was beaten to death in Mlawa on 14 June, 2015.

Russia

Dozens or hundreds of journalists have been killed in Russia since the Nineties.

Serbia

• Dada Vujasinović was found dead in her apartment on 8 April, 1994. The police ruled it a suicide, but most evidence disputes this. This was regarded as a murder case January 2009 onwards, but no one has been arrested.
• Slavko Ćuruvija was murdered on 11 April, 1999 in Belgrade. In November 2013 the Slavko Ćuruvija Foundation was established with the aim to preserve his heritage and advance media freedom in Serbia. A trial is ongoing but according to Veran Matić, president of the Commission for the Investigation of the Murder of Journalists in Serbia, the trial chamber is acting with the intent of acquitting those accused.
• Milan Pantić was killed on 11 June, 2001 in Jagodina. The case is still unsolved but the Commission led by Matić has collected new data.
• Broadcast journalist Luka Popov was killed in his home in the village of Srpski Krstur on 16 June, 2016. A few days later three people were arrested.

Slovakia

• On 25 February, 2018, the Slovak investigative reporter Ján Kuciak, 27, and his partner were found shot dead in their home in Veľká Mača, western Slovakia. “As a reporter for online news website Aktuality.sk, Kuciak wrote about serious economic crimes and illegal activities involving several high profile Slovak businessmen and their relations with top politicians”, EUobserver reports, adding that “Kuciak was also working on a story linking prime minister Robert Fico's assistant with an Italian businessman in Slovakia. Among numerous tax frauds and public fund scandals, he covered the Panama papers”.

Slovenia

• Austrian-German news camera operator Nikolas Vogel was killed in a bomb incident on 28 June 1991 during the Ten-Day War along with his German colleague Norbert Werner.

Spain

• Trade unionist and newspaper columnist José Luis López de Lacalle was killed on 7 May, 2000 by separatist group ETA.

United Kingdom

• Ross McWhirter was murdered in London by the Provisional Irish Republican Army on 27 November 1975.
• Bulgarian dissident writer and BBC journalist Georgi Markov died on 11 September 1978 after having being poisoned with a Bulgarian umbrella.
• Irish investigative journalist Martin O'Hagan was murdered by the Loyalist Volunteer Force in Northern Ireland on 28 September 2001.

See also

• Committee to Protect Journalists
• Freedom House
• Media freedom in the European Union
• Reporters Without Borders